穀神

發布時間：2026-03-25 16:08:41

引語

    在古代，不僅民間會自發地祭祀穀神，國家更是要每年都要祭祀穀神，而且儀式相當隆重。在封建社會，它已經成為一種國家的禮製。

來源 

    俗(su)語(yu)說(shuo)
，我(wo)們(men)吃(chi)的(de)是(shi)五(wu)穀(gu)雜(za)糧(liang)。就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)，東(dong)方(fang)人(ren)是(shi)以(yi)糧(liang)食(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)食(shi)的(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，從(cong)遠(yuan)古(gu)到(dao)現(xian)今(jin)，糧(liang)食(shi)在(zai)人(ren)的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)的(de)地(di)位(wei)可(ke)謂(wei)舉(ju)足(zu)輕(qing)重(zhong)。而(er)在(zai)古(gu)代(dai)
，糧(liang)食(shi)的(de)盈(ying)虧(kui)直(zhi)接(jie)關(guan)係(xi)到(dao)百(bai)姓(xing)的(de)生(sheng)死(si)存(cun)亡(wang)。糧(liang)食(shi)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)
，使(shi)人(ren)們(men)對(dui)糧(liang)食(shi)有(you)一(yi)種(zhong)特(te)殊(shu)的(de)感(gan)情(qing)
，甚(shen)至(zhi)充(chong)滿(man)敬(jing)畏(wei)。這(zhe)種(zhong)視(shi)糧(liang)食(shi)為(wei)神(shen)聖(sheng)的(de)心(xin)理(li)在(zai)文(wen)明(ming)古(gu)國(guo)中(zhong)一(yi)直(zhi)延(yan)續(xu)至(zhi)今(jin)。穀(gu)神(shen)更(geng)是(shi)老(lao)早(zao)就(jiu)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)。

       穀神，就是後稷。相傳是我們遠古時期偉大的先祖之一
，他的誕生很有傳奇色彩。《詩經》中描寫
，黃帝有個女兒，叫薑螈。一次薑螈在野外采野果的時候
，見到一片空

dishangyouyigejudadejiaoyin
，chuyuhaoqi，jiang嫄bianshangqianzouzainajudadejiaoyinshangwanshua。wanguozhihou，jiang嫄buzhibujiaojingranhuaiyoushenyun。shiyuehuaitaihou
，shengxialeyigeerzi。jiang嫄duizhegelailibumingdehaizihenyane，juedingpaoqita。zaitaganggangjianghaizidiuzaiyewaideshihou，turanyouyizhidaniaofeilai
，sihuyaochidiaohaizi
，jiang嫄ganjinduohuihaizi，juedingbuzaijiangtapaoqi。《詩經》中zhong還hai有you一yi種zhong說shuo法fa是shi，薑jiang嫄嫄生sheng下xia來lai的de是shi個ge肉rou球qiu，於yu是shi要yao把ba這zhe個ge肉rou球qiu拋pao棄qi。剛gang拋pao棄qi了le這zhe個ge肉rou球qiu，天tian上shang忽hu然ran飛fei來lai一yi個ge大da鳥niao，那na大da鳥niao用yong羽yu翼yi覆fu住zhu肉rou球qiu，肉rou球qiu便bian破po開kai了le，裏li麵mian有you一yi個ge孩hai子zi。薑jiang螈yuan見jian了le很hen驚jing奇qi
，就jiu把ba孩hai子zi抱bao回hui來lai撫fu養yang。

       houjijianjianchangda，henwanpi，xihuanzaiyedizhongduziwanshua。tachangchangbayeshengguwudezhongzimaidaotuliqu，rihou，houjifaxianzijimaixiaqudezhongzijingranfachuhaoduoya
，chengshuhoudeguziyaobiyeshengdeguwugengjizhonggengmishi。zheshihoujijianjianyoulexingqu，changdazhihou，houjiyizhixiangzhezhonghaonaxiezhongzi，houlaitabianxuehuilegengzhongguwu，bingquanmiandizhangwolenaxieguwudeshengchangyuxixing。houjixuehuilezhongguwu，biankaishilejiaobierenzenyangzhongguzi，fujindebaixinghenganxiehoujidesuowei。dangshidejunwangyaozhidaolehoujiyouzhongguzidebenshi

，bianbataqinglai，rangtajiaotianxiadebaixingzhongguwu。jianjiandajiadouxuehuilegengzuo
，houjiyinciershoudaorenmendezunjing。daoleshunzuojunwangdeshihou
，bianfenghoujiyikuailingdi
，haowei“後稷”。稷就是一種穀子，人們叫粟。後稷是古代周民的祖先。後來周朝建立，有伯夷叔齊不食周粟，就是指後稷種的那種穀子。

《孟子》記載

       在《孟子》zhonghaiyouzhebuyiyangdejizai
，shuohoujishicongtianshangtoulebaigudezhongzi，xiadaofanjianjiaorenmenzenyangzhongguzi。zaihoujizhiqian，renmenshidaochuchuqucaijiyeshengshiwude
，ziconghoujijiaohuilerenmenzenyanggengzuoguzizhihou，renmenbianyigengzhongweishengle
，erhenshaozaidaowaimiancaijishiwule。renmenzansonghoujidegongji
，zunfenghoujiweiwuguzhishen。fengyizushishirenleizuiweigenbendexuyao，suoyirenmenxianggushenjisi，shiziranerrande。renmenjisigushen，xiwanggushennenggoubaoyourenmenzhongxiadezhongzibushoutianzairenhuodeqinrao，yougehaoshoucheng。suoyizaichuntianjijianggengzhongdeshihou，renmenhuiqiqiuwugufengdeng，erzaiqiutianguzishougezhihou
，renmenzaicijisi，zuoweiduigushenendiandebaoda。zhejiushicongqianshuode“春祈秋報”了。還有的要在六月初六祭祀穀神，取意是“六六福報”。youdedifangzaizhongyuanjiedeshihoujisigushen
，haiyaobabuhaodeguziguazaimenmeishang
，yisishiguzibujia，kenqinggushenxiangzhu，xiahuinenggouzhonghaoguzi。minjianjisigushenshihenpingchangdeshiqing
，renmenxuyaogushendebaoyounenggougeizijidailaigengduodeshouhuo，shizhiliangshifengyu

，buchoumeiyouliangshichi。

民間祭祀

       在(zai)古(gu)代(dai)，不(bu)僅(jin)民(min)間(jian)會(hui)自(zi)發(fa)地(di)祭(ji)祀(si)穀(gu)神(shen)
，國(guo)家(jia)更(geng)是(shi)要(yao)每(mei)年(nian)都(dou)要(yao)祭(ji)祀(si)穀(gu)神(shen)
，而(er)且(qie)祭(ji)祀(si)的(de)儀(yi)式(shi)相(xiang)當(dang)隆(long)重(zhong)。在(zai)封(feng)建(jian)社(she)會(hui)，它(ta)已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)種(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)禮(li)製(zhi)。國(guo)家(jia)祭(ji)祀(si)還(hai)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)的(de)目(mu)的(de)就(jiu)是(shi)希(xi)望(wang)民(min)眾(zhong)能(neng)夠(gou)重(zhong)視(shi)耕(geng)種(zhong)，從(cong)而(er)使(shi)得(de)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)糧(liang)食(shi)也(ye)能(neng)夠(gou)充(chong)裕(yu)，人(ren)們(men)不(bu)至(zhi)於(yu)缺(que)少(shao)糧(liang)食(shi)，統(tong)治(zhi)者(zhe)也(ye)就(jiu)沒(mei)有(you)了(le)後(hou)顧(gu)之(zhi)憂(you)。所(suo)以(yi)
，在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)

，曆(li)朝(chao)曆(li)代(dai)都(dou)非(fei)常(chang)重(zhong)視(shi)農(nong)業(ye)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)
，民(min)眾(zhong)與(yu)國(guo)家(jia)共(gong)同(tong)祭(ji)祀(si)穀(gu)神(shen)，祈(qi)望(wang)能(neng)夠(gou)得(de)到(dao)穀(gu)神(shen)的(de)眷(juan)顧(gu)，使(shi)得(de)年(nian)年(nian)糧(liang)食(shi)都(dou)豐(feng)收(shou)，使(shi)得(de)人(ren)民(min)安(an)居(ju)樂(le)業(ye)，國(guo)強(qiang)民(min)富(fu)。

      生活在現代社會的人們，仍然需要對穀神有一種敬拜之心。以此來感謝穀神後稷
，並從中感受到五穀對每個人生命的重要意義。